Lead Extraction

Before the procedure 

Patients may have several tests done before their lead extraction, including: 

• Blood tests, to monitor any post-procedure changes 
• Chest x-ray 
• CT to look at interaction of the leads with the tissue 
• Electrocardiogram (ECG), to evaluate heart rhythm 
• Echocardiogram (Echo), to examine your heart’s anatomy and function 
• Venogram (X-ray of veins), to evaluate the anatomy of veins near the device 

Other recommendations and instructions may be given by your care team before the procedure. 

During the procedure 

Most patients will be put under general anesthesia. The electrophysiologist will then create an incision and place a tube in your vein called a sheath that has a laser attached to the tip. The laser will help remove tough scar tissue surrounding the lead to extract it.  

From there, the electrophysiologist will cover and extract the sheath and lead, using imaging technologies to guide and monitor the removal. After removal, they may place new leads, if necessary, before closing the incision site. 

After the procedure 

After the procedure, you will spend at least one night in the hospital to be monitored. During your stay, you will receive pain medications and antibiotics (if needed) and complete a follow-up X-ray to help make sure your heart and lungs are functioning as they should.  

If your lead extraction procedure went through your groin area, you will be required to lie flat for several hours after the procedure to prevent bleeding. 

Once released from the hospital, you will be provided with at-home care instructions for medications, rest requirements, dietary needs, and wound care. You will also need to return for follow-up appointments to monitor your recovery. While recovery times vary from person to person, you should be back to your regular activities after a few weeks.  

Please call your provider if you experience any fever, swelling, bleeding, or drainage at the incision site, or difficulty breathing during your recovery. 

Lead extraction is generally very safe but does come with some risks. Potential complications include: 

• Damage to the heart or surrounding blood vessels 
• Stroke 
• Pulmonary embolism (a blood clot in the lung) 
• Fluid buildup around the lungs or heart 
• Infection 

Risks can also increase if the patient: 

• Is female 
• Is younger 
• Has calcified leads 
• Needs multiple leads removed